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Testing glossary

What is canary release?

A canary release rolls a change out to a small share of users first, watching for problems before releasing to everyone.

Named after canaries used to detect gas in mines, the approach limits the blast radius of a bad release. If error rates or key metrics worsen, the change is rolled back before most users see it.

It complements pre-release testing rather than replacing it. Testing catches known risks before release, and canaries catch what testing missed under real traffic.

Example

A new search service receives 5% of traffic. Synthetic checks and error monitoring stay healthy for an hour, so traffic is increased to 50% and then 100%.

Best practices

  • Define the metrics that trigger rollback
  • Start with a small, representative slice
  • Run synthetic checks against the canary
  • Automate rollback where possible

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